Bupivacaine-induced Apoptosis in the Primary Cultured Cardiomyocytes via p38 MAPKs
نویسندگان
چکیده
Many local anesthetics are associated with fatal cardiotoxicity related to potent depressant effect on electrical conduction in the heart and reentrant types of severe arrhythmia in patients. Recently, some local anesthetics-induced direct cytotoxicity related to the initiation or execution of apoptosis has been reported. However, regarding to bupivacaine-induced apoptosis, little is known except in the promyelocytic leukemia cells, 7)
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